• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device for thermal conditioning of a passenger compartment and / or of a member of a motor vehicle comprising a circuit (1) of refrigerant capable of cooling air (F) intended for the passenger compartment. a vehicle via an evaporator (E2) and a heat transfer fluid circuit (4) adapted to cool said member of the motor vehicle. A flap (8) is placed upstream of the evaporator (E2) so as to regulate the flow of air (Fa) passing through the evaporator (E2).
    公开号:FR3015012A1
    申请号:FR1362724
    申请日:2013-12-16
    公开日:2015-06-19
    发明作者:Rabih Murr；Mohamed Yahia；Stefan Karl
    申请人:Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for the thermal conditioning of a passenger compartment and / or an element of a motor vehicle, such as, for example, 'a battery. Such a device known from the prior art comprises a refrigerant circuit comprising a first heat exchanger capable of forming a condenser, a second heat exchanger capable of forming an evaporator, a third heat exchanger capable of forming an evaporator, a first compressor, a second compressor, a first expander, a second expander, means for separating the liquid phase and the vapor phase of the refrigerant, and means adapted to circulate the refrigerant according to at least one loop passing successively through the first heat exchanger, the first expander, the third heat exchanger, and the separation means, the liquid phase of the refrigerant from the separation means then passing through the second expander, the second heat exchanger and the first compressor before crossing the second compressor, the vapor phase of the refrigerant fluid from the separating means ion passing directly through the second compressor, a coolant circuit comprising the third heat exchanger, so that the third heat exchanger is able to exchange heat between the coolant and the refrigerant, a fourth heat exchanger adapted to exchanging heat between the refrigerant and a battery of the motor vehicle, a fifth heat exchanger forming a radiator, a pump and means adapted to circulate the coolant according to one month of the following operating modes: - a first mode of operation in which the heat transfer fluid circulates along a first loop successively passing through the pump, the fourth heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, - a second operating mode in which the heat transfer fluid circulates along a second loop successively passing through the pump, the fourth heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger, the second exchanger being housed in a circulation channel of an air flow intended to open into the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the second exchanger being able to exchange heat between the refrigerant and said flow of 'air. The first heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger are conventionally arranged on the front face of a motor vehicle. The second exchanger and said channel belong for example to a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system, also called H.V.A.C. (Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning). In operation, the second heat exchanger makes it possible to cool the flow of air passing through the aforementioned channel (air conditioning of the passenger compartment). In addition, the fourth heat exchanger makes it possible to cool the battery.
    [0002] The calories taken from the air flow intended for the passenger compartment or the battery can be rejected at the level of the first heat exchanger and at the level of the fifth heat exchanger. In particular, depending on the temperature of the air outside the vehicle, the heat transfer fluid carrying calories taken from the battery can: - either transfer these calories to the refrigerant circuit via the third heat exchanger, the refrigerant circuit then evacuating these calories in the air outside the vehicle via the first heat exchanger, - either directly evacuate these calories in the outside air, via the fifth heat exchanger.
    [0003] Depending on the needs and the conditions of temperature or humidity of the outside air, it may be necessary to vary independently the cooling powers of the second heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger.
    [0004] For this, with the current structure, it may be theoretically necessary to vary independently the speed of the first compressor and the speed of the second compressor, or to vary for example the displacement of the second compressor, so as to achieve the specifications in terms of cooling power of the second and fourth heat exchangers, this being technically difficult to achieve. The invention aims in particular to provide a simple, effective and economical solution to this problem. For this purpose, it proposes a device for thermal conditioning of a passenger compartment and / or an element of a motor vehicle, comprising: a refrigerant circuit comprising a first heat exchanger able to form a condenser, a second exchanger heat exchanger capable of forming an evaporator, a third heat exchanger capable of forming an evaporator, a first compressor, a second compressor, a first expander, a second expander, means for separating the liquid phase and the vapor phase of the fluid refrigerant, and means adapted to circulate the refrigerant according to at least one loop through successively the first heat exchanger, the first expander, the third heat exchanger, and the separation means, the liquid phase of the refrigerant from the means then passing through the second expander, the second heat exchanger and the first compressor before passing through the e second compressor, the vapor phase of the refrigerant from the separation means passing directly through the second compressor, a coolant circuit comprising the third heat exchanger, so that the third heat exchanger is able to exchange heat between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant, a fourth heat exchanger capable of exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the body of the motor vehicle, a fifth heat exchanger capable of forming a radiator, a pump and means adapted to circulate the coolant according to one of the following operating modes: a first mode of operation in which the heat transfer fluid circulates in a first loop successively passing through the pump, the fourth heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, second mode of operation in which the coolant circulates in one second loop successively passing through the pump, the fourth heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger, the second exchanger being housed in a circulation channel of an air flow intended to open into the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the second heat exchanger being suitable exchanging heat between the refrigerant and said air flow, characterized in that it comprises controlled bypass means adapted to derive at least a portion of the air flow out of the second heat exchanger. Preferably, the temperature of the mixed air downstream of the second heat exchanger is substantially equal to a set temperature. In this way, it is possible to achieve the target specifications in terms of cooling power, both for the second heat exchanger and for the fourth heat exchanger, by varying the air flow through the second heat exchanger, using compressors of constant displacement for different cases of operation, and using compressors rotating at the same speed (this speed may however vary according to the above cases). According to a characteristic of the invention, the bypass means comprise a flap located in said flow channel 5 of air flow, upstream of the second heat exchanger with respect to the direction of flow of the air flow. Such a technical solution is simple to implement, inexpensive, reliable and compact. In this case, the flap may be associated with control means making it possible to control the position of the shutter so as to adapt the flow rate of the air flow passing through the second heat exchanger and the flow rate of the air flow derived from the second heat exchanger and preferably so that the temperature of the mixed air downstream of the second heat exchanger is equal to the set temperature. In addition, the separation means of the liquid phase and the vapor phase of the refrigerant may comprise a bottle. In addition, each compressor may comprise a rotary input shaft, the input shafts of the two compressors being coupled in rotation so as to be driven at the same speed. According to another characteristic of the invention, the refrigerant circuit comprises: a first portion extending between the outlet of the second compressor and the inlet of the first heat exchanger; a second portion extending between the outlet the first heat exchanger and the refrigerant inlet of the third heat exchanger, said second portion being provided with the first expander, a third portion extending between the refrigerant outlet of the third heat exchanger and the inlet means for separating the liquid phase and the vapor phase from the refrigerant, - a fourth portion extending between a first outlet of said separation means and the inlet of the second heat exchanger, the fourth portion being equipped with the second expansion valve; a fifth portion extending between the outlet of the second heat exchanger and the inlet of the first compressor; ixth portion extending between the output of the first compressor and the inlet of the second compressor, said sixth portion having a branch, a seventh portion extending between a second output 10 of said separation means and the branch, the circuit of heat transfer fluid comprising: a first portion extending between the heat transfer fluid outlet of the third heat exchanger and the inlet of the pump, the first portion comprising a branch, a second portion extending between the outlet of the pump and the inlet of the fourth heat exchanger, a third portion extending between the outlet of the fourth heat exchanger and a first channel of a valve, such as for example a controlled valve, a fourth portion, extending between a second channel of the valve and the heat transfer fluid inlet of the third heat exchanger, - a fifth portion extending between a third channel of the valve and the inlet of the fifth heat exchanger; a sixth portion extending between the outlet of the fifth heat exchanger and the branch. Preferably, the body of the motor vehicle is a battery. In addition, the first heat exchanger may be able to exchange heat between the refrigerant and air. Similarly, the fifth heat exchanger may be able to exchange heat between the coolant and air.
    [0005] The invention also relates to a motor vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a device of the aforementioned type. The invention will be better understood and other details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description given by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a view schematic of a thermal conditioning device according to the prior art, - Figure 2 is a Mollier diagram illustrating the operation of the refrigerant circuit of the device of Figure 1, - Figure 3 is a view corresponding to Figure 1 , illustrating an embodiment of the invention. A thermal conditioning device for a passenger compartment and / or a battery of a motor vehicle of the prior art is illustrated in FIG. 1. This device comprises a refrigerant circuit 1 comprising a first heat exchanger E 1 forming a condenser and able to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the air outside the vehicle, a second heat exchanger E2 forming an evaporator and able to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the air outside the vehicle, a third heat exchanger E3 forming an evaporator and able to exchange heat between the refrigerant and a coolant, a first compressor C1, a second compressor C2, a first expander D1, a second expander D2, and separation means the liquid phase and the vapor phase of the refrigerant, in the form of a bottle B. The first exchanger El is generally arranged in a this front of the motor vehicle. The second heat exchanger E2 generally belongs to a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system, also called H.V.A.C. (Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning).
    [0006] The second heat exchanger E2 is in particular located in a circulation channel 2 of an air flow F intended to open into the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the air flow being represented by the arrow F. The circuit 1 of refrigerant comprises in particular: a first portion P1 extending between the outlet of the second compressor C2 and the inlet of the first heat exchanger E1; a second portion P2 extending between the outlet of the first heat exchanger E1 and the refrigerant inlet of the third heat exchanger E3, said second portion P2 being equipped with the first expander D1; a third portion P3 extending between the refrigerant outlet of the third heat exchanger E3 and the inlet of the bottle B, a fourth portion P4 extending between a first outlet of the bottle B and the inlet of the second heat exchanger E2, the fourth portion P4 being equipped with the second expander D2, a fifth portion P5 extending between the outlet of the second heat exchanger E2 and the inlet of the first compressor C1; a sixth portion P6 extending between the outlet of the first compressor C1 and the inlet of the second compressor C2 said sixth portion P6 having a branch X, a seventh portion P7 extending between a second outlet of the bottle B and the branch X. The refrigerant is, for example, of the type R-134a (1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane) or R-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene). The device further comprises a heat transfer fluid circuit 4 comprising the third heat exchanger E3 exchanging heat between the coolant and the refrigerant, a fourth heat exchanger E4 capable of exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the refrigerant. battery of the motor vehicle, a fifth heat exchanger E5 forming a radiator, a pump P and a three-way valve V, such as a solenoid valve. The heat transfer fluid circuit 4 comprises in particular: a first portion P1 extending between the heat transfer fluid outlet of the third heat exchanger E3 and the inlet of the pump P, the first portion P1 comprising a branch X '; a second portion P'2 extending between the output of the pump P and the inlet of the fourth heat exchanger E4, a third portion P'3 extending between the outlet of the fourth heat exchanger E4 and a first way 5 of a valve V, such as for example a controlled solenoid valve, - a fourth portion P'4 extending between a second channel 6 of the valve V and the heat transfer fluid inlet of the third heat exchanger E3, A fifth portion P'5 extending between a third channel 7 of the valve V and the inlet of the fifth heat exchanger E5, a sixth portion P'6 extending between the outlet of the fifth heat exchanger E5 and the branch X '. - The heat transfer fluid is for example glycol water. In operation, the refrigerant circulates in a loop successively passing through the first heat exchanger E1 (condenser), the first expansion valve D1, the third heat exchanger E3 (evaporator), and then the bottle B, the liquid phase of the resulting refrigerant. from the bottle B then passing through the second expander D2, the second heat exchanger E2 (evaporator) and the first compressor C1 before passing through the second compressor C2, the vapor phase of the refrigerant coming from the bottle B passing directly through the second compressor C2. The corresponding thermodynamic cycle is illustrated in the Mollier diagram of FIG. 2. In this diagram, the abscissa is formed by the enthalpy H and the ordinate is formed by the pressure p of the refrigerant. Points referenced il to i10 have been reported both on the Mollier diagram and on the refrigerant circuit 1 illustrated in Figure 1 to facilitate understanding. The phases of the refrigerant (liquid, diphasic, that is to say liquid and vapor, steam) are also indicated on the diagram, as well as the different stages of the cycle (evaporation, condensation, compression, expansion). With regard to the heat transfer fluid circuit 4, the corresponding fluid circulates: in a first operating mode, along a first loop successively passing through the pump P, the fourth heat exchanger E4 and the third heat exchanger E3 before crossing again the pump P. For this, the first channel 5 and the second channel 6 of the valve V are open and the third channel 7 of the valve V is closed, - in a second mode of operation, along the a second loop successively passing through the pump P, the fourth heat exchanger E4 and the fifth heat exchanger E5 before passing through the pump P again. For this, the first channel 5 and the third channel 7 of the valve V are open and the second channel 6 of the valve V is closed. Thus, in the first mode of operation, the battery is cooled by the fourth heat exchanger E4 (evaporator), the calories taken from the battery being transmitted to the refrigerant circuit 1 via the third heat exchanger E3. Conversely, in the second mode of operation, the battery is cooled by the fourth heat exchanger E4 (evaporator) but the calories taken from the battery are discharged into the outside air to the vehicle using the fifth heat exchanger. E5 heat (radiator).
    [0007] Meanwhile, regardless of the operating mode of the heat transfer fluid circuit 4, the air F flowing through the channel 2 and intended to open into the passenger compartment of the vehicle is cooled by the second heat exchanger E2 (evaporator), the calories being discharged into the outside air to the vehicle using the first heat exchanger El (condenser). Table 1 below illustrates theoretical examples of several cases of operation. For each case of operation are indicated, the displacement of the first compressor C1, the theoretical displacement of the second compressor C2, the outside air temperature, the thermal power of the second heat exchanger E2 (cooling power depending on a setpoint d a user for example) and the thermal power of the fourth heat exchanger E4 (power required for cooling the battery). Note that the two compressors Cl, C2 rotate at the same speed, which can vary depending on the case. Note that, to achieve the thermal power specified in each case of operation, it then becomes necessary to vary the displacement of the second compressor C2 (assuming that the displacement of the first compressor Cl remains unchanged for all cases of operation). However, it is technically difficult to vary the displacement of a compressor in operation. Displacement CP1 [cm3] 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 Displacement CP2 [cm3] 24.7 36.8 26.1 35.5 Cooling power [W] 2330 2325 2342 1717 Cooling capacity of the battery [W] 3306 4478 2867 2867 Table 1 The invention aims to remedy this drawback by proposing a device similar to that described above, but in which a flap 8 is mounted in the channel 2 for circulating the air flow F intended to the cabin, upstream of the second heat exchanger E2 in the direction of the air flow F, as shown in Figure 3. The angular position of the flap 8 is controlled so as to regulate the flow rate of the flow of air Fa passing through the second heat exchanger E2 (and thus cooled by the latter) and the flow rate of the air flow Fb diverted from the second heat exchanger E2. The flap 8 is preferably movable between a first end position in which the entire flow F is diverted from the second heat exchanger E2 and a second end position in which the entire flow F passes through the second heat exchanger E2. The flap 8 can also take all the intermediate positions between these two extreme positions. Preferably, the regulation of the thermal conditioning device according to the invention is carried out so that the temperature of the mixed air downstream of the second heat exchanger E2 is equal to a set temperature. Table 2 below illustrates examples substantially corresponding to the aforementioned operating cases, that is to say examples comprising substantially the same thermal powers requested or specified for the second heat exchanger E2 and for the fourth heat exchanger E4 , the displacement of the first compressor C1 is also identical. Moreover, in these various examples, the rotational speeds of the two compressors C1, C2 are identical, this speed however being variable as a function of the operating case, as previously.
    [0008] This table includes, in addition to the information already present in Table 1, an indication of the percentage of the mass flow of total air which is diverted from the second heat exchanger E2. A value of 0% therefore means that the whole of the air flow F passes through the second exchanger E2, while a value of 20% indicates that the shutter 8 is positioned so that 20% of the mass flow rate of the flow of air F is diverted from the second heat exchanger E2 (80% of this mass flow therefore passes through the second heat exchanger E2). Displacement CP1 [cm3] 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 Displacement CP2 [cm3] 24.7 24.7 24.7 24.7 Cooling power [W] 2330 2326 2339 1717 Cooling capacity of the battery [W] 3306 4478 2867 2867% mass flow rate of the air flow diverted from the second heat exchanger 0 10 20 20 Table 2 It is noted that the invention allows the device to easily adapt to different specifications or cases of operation, that is to say at different thermal powers of the second heat exchanger E2 (air conditioning for the passenger compartment) and the fourth heat exchanger E4 (cooling of the battery), with compressors C1, C2 of constant cylinders and rotating at the same speed (variable depending on the case of operation), simply by varying the position of the flap 8.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Device for the thermal conditioning of a passenger compartment and / or an element of a motor vehicle, comprising: a refrigerant circuit (1) comprising a first heat exchanger (El) capable of forming a condenser, a second heat exchanger, heat (E2) capable of forming an evaporator, a third heat exchanger (E3) capable of forming an evaporator, a first compressor (C1), a second compressor (C2), a first expander (D1), a second expander (D2 ), means (B) for separating the liquid phase and the vapor phase of the refrigerant, and means adapted to circulate the refrigerant according to at least one loop successively passing through the first heat exchanger (El), the first pressure reducer (D1), the third heat exchanger (E3), and the separation means (B), the liquid phase of the refrigerant from the separation means (B) then passing through the second expander (D2), the second heat exchanger heat ( E2) and the first compressor (C1) before passing through the second compressor (C2), the vapor phase of the refrigerant from the separation means (B) passing directly through the second compressor (C2), a coolant circuit comprising the third heat exchanger (E3), so that the third heat exchanger (E3) is able to exchange heat between the coolant and the refrigerant, a fourth heat exchanger (E4) able to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the body of the motor vehicle, a fifth heat exchanger (E5) capable of forming a radiator, a pump (P) and means adapted to circulate the coolant according to one month of the following operating modes a first operating mode in which the heat transfer fluid circulates in a first loop successively passing through the pump (P), the fourth heat exchanger (E4) and the third heat exchanger; aleur (E3), a second mode of operation in which the coolant circulates in a second loop successively passing through the pump (P), the fourth heat exchanger (E4) and the fifth heat exchanger (E5), the second heat exchanger (E2) being housed in a channel (2) for circulating a flow of air (F) intended to open into the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the second exchanger (E2) being able to exchange heat between the refrigerant and said air flow (F), characterized in that it comprises controlled bypass means (8) able to divert at least a portion (Fb) of the air flow (F) out of the second heat exchanger ( E2).
    [0002]
    2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bypass means comprise a flap (8) located in said channel (2) for circulating the air flow (F), upstream of the second heat exchanger (E2). relative to the flow direction of the air flow (F).
    [0003]
    3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the flap (8) is associated with control means for controlling the position of the flap (8) so as to adjust the flow rate of the air flow (Fa) passing through the second heat exchanger (E2) and the flow rate of the air flow (Fb) derived from the second heat exchanger (E2).
    [0004]
    4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the means for separating the liquid phase and the vapor phase of the refrigerant comprise a bottle (B).
    [0005]
    5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each compressor (C1, C2) comprises a rotary input shaft, the input shafts of the two compressors (C1, C2) being coupled in rotation of to be trained at the same speed.
    [0006]
    6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the circuit (1) of refrigerant comprises: - a first portion (P1) extending between the outlet of the second compressor (C2) and the inlet of the first heat exchanger (El), - a second portion (P2) extending between the outlet of the first heat exchanger (El) and the refrigerant inlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), said second portion (P2) being equipped with the first expander (D1), - a third portion (P3) extending between the refrigerant outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3) and the inlet of the separation means (B) of the phase liquid and vapor phase of the refrigerant, - a fourth portion (P4) extending between a first output of said separation means (B) and the inlet of the second heat exchanger (E2), the fourth portion (P4) being equipped with the second regulator (D2), - a fifth portion (P5 ) extending between the outlet of the second heat exchanger (E2) and the inlet of the first compressor (C1), - a sixth portion (P6) extending between the outlet of the first compressor (C1) and the inlet of the second compressor (C2), said sixth portion (P6) having a branch (X), - a seventh portion (P7) extending between a second output of said separating means (B) and the branch (X), the circuit (4) heat transfer fluid comprising: - a first portion (P'1) extending between the heat transfer fluid outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3) and the inlet of the pump (P), the first portion (P) '1) having a branch (X'), - a second portion (P'2) extending between the outlet of the pump (P) and the inlet of the fourth heat exchanger (E4), - a third portion ( P'3) extending between the outlet of the fourth heat exchanger (E4) and a first channel (5) of a valve (V), such as for example a controlled valve; a fourth portion (P'4) extending between a second channel (6) of the valve (V) and the heat transfer fluid inlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), - a fifth portion (P'5) s extending between a third channel (7) of the valve (V) and the inlet of the fifth heat exchanger (E5), - a sixth portion (P'6) extending between the outlet of the fifth heat exchanger (E5 ) and the branch (X ').
    [0007]
    7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the body of the motor vehicle is a battery.
    [0008]
    8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the first heat exchanger (El) is capable of exchanging heat between the refrigerant and air.
    [0009]
    9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fifth heat exchanger (E5) is able to exchange heat between the heat transfer fluid and air.
    [0010]
    10. Motor vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a device according to one of claims 1 to 9.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2015090943A1|2015-06-25|
    DE112014005711T5|2016-09-15|
    CN105980793A|2016-09-28|
    FR3015012B1|2016-09-02|
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    法律状态:
    2015-12-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2016-12-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-01-02| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-12-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2020-12-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    2021-12-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 9 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1362724A|FR3015012B1|2013-12-16|2013-12-16|DEVICE FOR THERMALLY CONDITIONING A CAR AND / OR AN ORGAN OF A MOTOR VEHICLE|FR1362724A| FR3015012B1|2013-12-16|2013-12-16|DEVICE FOR THERMALLY CONDITIONING A CAR AND / OR AN ORGAN OF A MOTOR VEHICLE|
    DE112014005711.8T| DE112014005711T5|2013-12-16|2014-12-02|Device for the thermal treatment of a passenger compartment and / or an organ of a motor vehicle|
    PCT/EP2014/076280| WO2015090943A1|2013-12-16|2014-12-02|Device for the thermal conditioning of a motor vehicle passenger compartment and/or component|
    CN201480075433.1A| CN105980793A|2013-12-16|2014-12-02|Device for the thermal conditioning of a motor vehicle passenger compartment and/or component|
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